Conlangery #106: Auxiliary Verb Constructions

Conlangery #106: Auxiliary Verb Constructions

Published: Mon, 02 Feb 2015 05:00:19 +0000 \

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utterance-id1 i wouldn't have to put an no at the top of the show since we recorded before this happened but she's at haden allergen who uh you guys will know as the creator of law don ah died on january twenty seven so i will linked to an article that discusses her life uh and uh you guys can take a look at that uh thank you and on with the show <unk> <unk> [noise] <unk> for the perfect languages people reading them i'm <unk> [noise] would be down the road ways will you man that's [noise] and ah before we get into today show [noise] ah we have a couple of <unk> one is [noise] you know [noise] both of 'em are pretty pretty boston thing [noise] uh i think [noise] ah first is we are starting a patriotic [noise] uh so if you don't know patriotic is um [noise] is a crowd cleaning service where uh we have it set up so you donate monthly and you've done donate like small amounts to support uh people creating things like this <unk> cats or uh you know there's also a song writers and all kinds of uh creative people on there um we will linked to the patron page in the show that that should be launching on the same date this episode good goes out and i think you i think if i did things right if you go to <unk> dot com slash i'm lying or you should get to it but i wanna say the pocket cash is always gonna be available for free to anybody we're not changing that thing that but it's sort of a voluntary if you want to support the show will use that money in order to make the show better i have been trying for a long time you know some equipment that could improve our uh sound quality improving the the site ah it could also give us a little more freedom to do more content so uh that's that's what <unk> are linked to that there'll be a video on there that explains <unk> william if you have anything to say on that no okay and the other thing well i think you will have something to say with it because the video game that you developed a con lying for is out yeah great do real time strategy <unk> alien language or aliens they called the beta in the gain name for himself is more [noise] [noise] yeah so it was cool to finally see that inaction and getting up there mhm and uh i saw you linked to somebody's let's play off at that showed the the whole opening cinematic in it's all them speaking in that language i i guess like right after that cinematic you had the airline speaking in english and the idea was that you know this is some sort of historical record and they get sick stuff on the streets were translating [laughter] yeah yeah and to see it seems to go language is used a little bit more later in the game mhm um both in the game and in later cinematic disorders larry cinematic we're <unk> we're the super smart robot is communicating with one of the aliens in the language they don't get subtitles is he's just telling another human what the guy and said mm very loose so i enjoyed that they didn't bother [noise] [laughter] [noise] huh that's cool yeah it was fun um alright that's awesome things in a wheel uh a link to your post about that uh as well and looks like a cool game um so we'll see about how uh it's nice to see video games also getting in on the <unk> there have been a few moves in this direction to pass none [noise] he can really widely known i mean the one people most knows tiring and it's mostly a code for english <unk> yeah that's not really a <unk> um so that stuff's uh awesome interesting and what's awesome awesome in is an interesting is our topic for today which is auxiliary verb construction now um william you've been you've done a lotta been doing a lot of reading on this in general and uh we're <unk> we're working from a lot of work that's been done by a guy named gregory anderson yes right a lot about um <unk> construction so um <unk> <unk> <unk> yeah pretty much all of the stuff that we're going to talk about is from his work um but it's a very interesting topic and ah william why don't you start out so i accidently ran across his um being a huge paper uh children are constructions an african languages [noise] which is available freely online it's two hundred and fifty pages full of amazing information mhm so every <unk> go grab that and it's been a few weeks reading it [noise] um and they got me thinking about things a little bit more there's a lot more variation here then you might think most of us are familiar with european languages [noise] you know you have a <unk> or <unk> at a party simple and that's about it but there is a great deal that can be done with different kinds of just how you construct them mhm and a lot more meetings are available when you might think they do more than just <unk> although that his still their primary function in motion sickness mhm um i personally have just been trying to pay more attention to <unk> instructions in general and making languages [noise] um he has his gigantic book from <unk> linguistic series these sort of read books in looking at it it doesn't seem like there's anything in it that doesn't have an example in the gigantic african language paper and vice versa so even though the paper that's available for free focuses on african languages [noise] the first part especially wouldn't explaining things in his sort of theoretical hotline or <unk> it all applies generally so i don't think there's any worry that there's anything in the giant african language paper that would not like generally in languages over the place and we have we have that and i also found uh much shorter crepe paper of his that um that's focussed on turkey languages particularly this spam perfect but also talks a lot about oh turkey kim some other way and there's some very interesting <unk> patterns in the district <unk> family so to me yeah interesting to talk about those in a few minutes mhm [noise] um [noise] it's always there are one or two ideas he has that you know some people might disagree with how he's analyzing things um especially the lexical you headed constructions which will be sitting in a few minutes um some people don't actually think our children are constructions but we'll just forget that and um pretend it is that there's always going to be that uh and uh you know will will well we're mostly considered what the facts and their examples but not so much with the theory right for the show so that that's fine [noise] yes um and through the course of the rest of today i'm gonna be talking about headed miss like auxiliary headed and actually headed and so and so forth and we're just gonna punch on the whole question of headed miss and simply say that would i what i'm saying headed i refer referring to where the fullest marketing person <unk> ethnic food all that stuff is happening yeah hey something's <unk> headed i mean most of the marketing is happening i mean <unk> if i'm saying like lexical headed i mean most of the markings happy electrical here and there are three other possibilities from beginning to shortly so that's what i mean um yeah for headed that <unk> yeah that's that's usual 'cause if you if you try to get technical on i'm headed miss it always ends up depending on what what syria due subscribed to so [laughter] right i'm just you know yes yes yes you don't have to say george their rabbit holds up yeah [laughter] which we want to voice um so and then another piece of terminology i'm going to use obviously the auxiliary verb is always they always hungry and the <unk> is the one that carries the semantics so the phrase i have slept isn't sleeping not unhappy okay habits <unk> sleep lexical right so the one of the main things but but uh sort of ends up distinguishing the <unk> river is that they're sort of some ethically bleached in this way they have some they carry some grammatical meanings that don't carry much in the way up lexical meanings usually correct and and that's part of the fund that happens you get this sort of development of dramatically station where you have something that is a fully realized lexical verb and then they decide hey we're going to use this as a <unk> and then over time it may lose its original lexical sense and may in fact news it's it's an insult together and get swallowed into um uh <unk> morphology right oh well i mean i mean it could have that happens to have a lot um yeah and there are a lot of there you will you will probably be talking about the uh the different lexical <unk> tend to get turned into auxiliary and a little bit but yeah i think about any of the romance languages where i believe this is true most of them the future comes from an incentive plus some form of the river to have yeah that's how it is in spanish so they have still exists possibly out in the language you know to highly reduced form has been sucked into yeah in future tensions overboard and plenty of other tennessee mhm so that's what we're talking about there at process of medical <unk> and that's another good reason to talk about these if you're doing historical <unk> this is a great way to develop you know 'cause her church that called language not so much [laughter] [noise] yeah yeah that can end up being sort of blonde bomb the verb somehow exactly exactly and then you can have you can or or not have the the original electrical from somewhere else and uh you can that way you'll have the shadow of the previous historical process right right so in terms of meaning most exhilarating for construction are used for ten aspect and moved [noise] those are all very common mhm um voice <unk> such as the path of an english is another big function that happens all over the place but other sorts of things can come up to um what we would in english consider simple basic <unk> construction um sometimes use um actually of are constructions like something as simple as again or extremely or a lot various kinds of senses mhm that english and most european languages use herbs for might turn out to be um an auxiliary work construction something which is [noise] and they're all sorts of politeness an unrealistic horns which were definitely gonna seeing the turkey situation mhm yeah um and another phone thing that the trick languages too if they have that effective an auto that effective so fed effective is when you're doing something for someone else mhm so it's not surprising that auxiliary for construction sometimes formed a historical basis for the benefactor objected mhm where you take a bourbon you edited or argument to indicate that you've done something for [noise] i forget how long it's been since we've talked about it but i know we have had an episode <unk> uh well we're we're going to have one in the future i don't know [laughter] i don't know if we've had we've talked about we probably talk about <unk> in our voice episode <unk> earning or so that's what it is or just when the verb is marks to say hey there's another argument somewhere here um and that effective to to do something for someone who's really call them and then the ticketing languages have a really interesting auto benefactor <unk> which means you have performed the action for your own self [noise] that's interesting um this meaning comes up in different ways and different languages um somali in ancient greek both use the middle boy indicate that [noise] um and which most interesting [noise] in the <unk> is in some languages certain lexical verbs <unk> basically always up here with an auto bit effective instruction uh-huh such as falling in some of the language and that sort of makes sense right so interested in recognizes five kinds of auxiliary for construction there's the auxiliary headed that double headed to split headed this flashing double headed [laughter] i did [noise] um and the last one that looks like we had to do is the most controversial category <unk> um and naturally any given language can have multiple types right right this is not like uh uh rigid choice you have to make right i'm in fact when we get to talking about i don't know if this goes into the goes with the um the african languages but with the the perfect languages there are languages that have several different types of uh <unk> not necessarily in this tax on a me but also in terms of more of the details of how they work right right you're auxiliary headed may have three different ways to form the electrical portion yeah mhm [noise] so [noise] a quick note about word order [noise] there are always exceptions of course but in general the order of auxiliary and mexico over matches the order of urban object if you have a dominant word or right so <unk> so if you have a field language usually the <unk> right if you have an o._b. language it's usually electrical verb and then the auxiliary yes um but of course german isn't that weird in regard to wear socks series and his lexical verbs in particular end up yes well all right so let's start on the list auxiliary headed is the form that most of us would recognize the standard <unk> construction edited of course the most common in the world um basically the auxiliary avert takes all of the relevant required marking for the <unk> some mhm tense if you're languages policy personal agreement it will take the object and electrical for using some less finite for incentives participles <unk> in in terms of languages conned verbs <unk> basically some kind of independent foreign uh-huh not fully realized as an independent verb is right um the uh the pattern in romance languages were participle agrees with the object to the subject is pretty unusual and doesn't really occur much outside of that language area you oughta have participles as um the lexical part of the news but it it won't necessarily agree in the way that you expect if you've only you know studied french in <unk> ah i think russia maybe man have that at some point but not not very many languages right um [noise] and because it's the most common form and really easy i'm just there's not much else to say about it um the average coming or who's not made a special study like of revert constructions is going to pick the only junior you had it for them right i think that's a good that it's it's it's gone uh it it it sort of seems the most logical 'cause we're familiar with languages that do it that way and it's like okay we were good moving all this stuff over to the auxiliary i kind of thing right my um <unk> more so the next kind <unk> doubles hesitant oh joan rivers construction and <unk> both the auxiliary and the lexical verb are marked for subject and object if there were so languages polly personal agreement and sometimes other categories like tense aspect and this is a pretty common pattern she worked doubled especially coming on but we'll get to the more common situation but um and the thing that doubled might include <unk> so you might get um the auxiliary and <unk> are both marked for negotiation descendants negated right while the auxiliary um carries all of the rest of the south so when when i say that this has double headed i typically mean and anderson typically means the subject is mark on both here yeah <unk> that they are both <unk> elected they might be that certainly could happen um but the lexical over into typically will will have reduced marking mhm [noise] um there is one language or a small number of languages that have double object marking okay which is hilarious but he's actually tested but rare uh-huh double object marking [laughter] uh some languages that are sensitive to number more than <unk> may double the number on both the <unk> and the lexical her uh-huh delivery takes everything else okay um and as i said a bit full on complete fully finite um reforms do <unk> okay so you can get you can get elite highly inflicted yeah <unk> fully inflicted for so long to west than i'm in <unk> right so so instead of i would wants to go it would be i would want i would go uh-huh it's sort of a way scene at an english mhm in terms of subject marking it may not be an inflection you may just simply repeat the subject like i just did an english writing pushed conjugate very much yeah um right so <unk> it can be hard to distinguish things doubled marks instructions from cereal for construction um the electrical <unk> might still have some sort of depended marking it might be a subjective it might have some sort of other morphology indicate that it is dependent rather than an independent right um just since cereal herb constructions are sort of coming up well well once the sort of defined those a little bit as well cereal for pre instructions or not like um <unk> reverb constructions exactly that's a little bit of fuzzy um distinction between the two but cereal for construction you can have two fully lexical verbs one after the other yep and usually they sure like the same subject an object but not always i'm mostly familiar with the sims chinese where they can have the same the same object or two different objects awesome so that's uh in that case you don't have one that's um sort of some ethically reach you get i get there like yes you guys you get to <unk> like you you say he'd take knife cut bread he took the <unk> <unk> something like that in english we just say he cut the <unk> right right we have to we can't really put two verbs instruction like that um right in some languages your auxiliary headed construction double patterns mightn't ferry across dialect or even <unk> within a single dialect so that you know some kind of future marking some users might use on the other we had some might use double head mhm um and that becomes an interesting way to very dialects and your <unk> on pages thirty seven thirty eight of the african languages document he talks about a situation where the auxiliary is marked as dependent [laughter] um which is a little bit weird that's yeah that's interesting [laughter] [laughter] but that's that's not not a common thing right um and i was gonna say the pure doubled isn't especially common mm um we'll get to splits a bit um and i'm just gonna repeat doubled does that mean that the proportions are identical <unk> may still have either we'll still have the duplication set you expect that there may be some sort of dependency marketing were less marking um the point is some categories are <unk> <unk> <unk> <unk> right so next to become too my favorite kind which is these split headed ooh okay yes some of the things we expect i never go on the <unk> and some go on <unk> this is something i saw a lot of in his paper on perfect languages there are a lot of cases where you'd have tense on them <unk> or um aspect on the functional river or vice versa right so what <unk> pattern which is reasonably common in the world's languages for these subjects to be marked on the <unk> and the direct objects to be marked on the bicycle for [laughter] okay um and if you look at pages forty one and forty two um of the african paper he gives some variation mhm um another pretty common pattern just for the auxiliary <unk> march first subject and all the necessary tend to make some good stuff and toward negotiation to be attached to lexical or somehow mm that's an interesting one yes um pretty uncommon uh split is for tent aspect of mood to be on the <unk> and the subject and object parking to go on the electrical huh okay [laughter] and if you look at newspapers and he gives numerous patterns right lots of possibilities in general <unk> aspect of mood tends to have to get split apart and moved across the <unk> but it can't happen yeah um that's when i was talking about there's lots of examples of <unk> in the in the perfect languages article but no that doesn't mean it's just means that happens a bit in that particular family yes [noise] so when i first read the paper this was the thing that excited me most 'cause it never ever occurred to me to do research this way [laughter] it just seems like it's sort of thing that would appeal to people who like to play with different systems it's it's a lot like things like split are good to have systems and stuff where are you like you you are you have this freedom to pick out what things you're going to put in what category or what things you've grown up <unk> where right right so the forest kind of always looking for a construction see recognize is these split flesh doubled <unk> means what you'd think it does some um things are marked on both her and some are marked individually mhm not surprisingly the subject is the most frequently doubled element wow okay so you might get subject <unk> subject marking on <unk> but also object marking on the legs or okay yeah another pet her is um <unk> river with tend to affect mood and subject and then <unk> gets [noise] subject doubling and some sort of independent marking um that's not as rich as the fulltime aspect new system of an independent or mhm [noise] um and pages forty two through forty nine and get a bunch of other sub patterns in minor pattern that he's running across the data mhm [noise] so it's <unk> doubled are the two that are most unlike anything i've seen in very many natural language is frankly um i have seen doubled and um <unk> arabic before um so i hope to see more comings and split and split doubled his <unk> yes [laughter] those first seemed like the the the most interesting things to play with right i did a split double system in the language i created or um uh <unk> oh okay um so that was one of the ideas i wanted to play with when i talked to a new language or um <unk> [noise] all right so the fifth and final kind of bugs deliver construction and things like sickly headed for construction here's electrical <unk> has all of the marketing for subject object <unk> mood um and the <unk> looks like a particle like attends particle or a mood party cool which is probably why this is very controversial theoretically right sometimes can be a little tricky to see that this is really getting into river construction and not genuinely a particle whatever that means the problem is that article is the dumping on for everything we don't understand right for it um but sometimes there are clear indication of what's going on where you have the particle who you're lexical over it's still not a fully independent or be in some sort of depended form um you know some some junk to or something else where you've got the particles plus i'm not quite normal reporting um in the future and that's usually the best proof that you really dating alexi curly headed for construction mhm [noise] and it looks like beans mostly a bowl from doubled double headed constructions where all of the marketing of actually wears away on the auxiliary until you get something that looks like a part of it and sometimes the <unk> you can still clearly seen um the original verb sense uh-huh and the relationship there is this how that develop okay you know i i <unk> i was thinking about the the lex headed for some reason my mind goes to english models which that's like almost like just out of this because the motives have like very little marketing or no marketing sure and then the verb also has been working so i do i mean we still have to i mean <unk> we don't have been functional marking the same way that subject is you know still out there right the model uh-huh that's true um i'm just talking purely on morphological term sure that [noise] so for the regular language i actually did one like sickly had uh normally in the past i've always uh avoided uh tense and aspect particles cause i thought they were a little a natural [laughter] that's always one should know better uh-huh um so yeah i used to um [noise] for the future i use the future and a quarter of factual [noise] the same oh okay you sound like sickly headed construction for that 'cause those that's nice um and for some reason he makes the note that in the african languages lexical had did construction tends to be preferred for future perfect are progressing <unk> okay um i <unk> you know how that i mean it's it's an interesting thing to have <unk> i don't know why he would specifically call that out but well there are plenty of things i think it can mean and you seen whatever in his data to mostly be futures perfect and <unk> yeah i'm now <unk> could lead somewhere but that's getting into syria maybe sure um so [noise] <unk> [noise] a little bit so uh single verb <unk> might have multiple different kinds of uses indifferent auxiliary constructions for example english to me um use it with the president participle and you're going to progress to use it with the past past it part is if we need to pass it right um and it still is usable <unk> all by itself so this is a sort of pattern you expect to see in natural languages and provides interesting avenues for dialect differentiation if you're doing historical mhm where something that was a little more flexible two different languages decided no i'm only going to use to be <unk> this sense in one dialect and to be using a completely different well like you know different construction right <unk> the verb should be fish pretty darn common for progressive incorrect senses um as well as to be in honor [noise] right right uh looking at me some languages have special forms of look at it to be uh-huh um right it's uh it might actually be a proposition so like irish english uses propositions on her ah <unk> i guess mhm or even english i'm a running oh yeah i'm too old thing you know to to represent uh progress chinese has has the weird thing um hi is um could be considered described as an auxiliary and like caught by country he's reading right and uh it's also a look at it expression it it's also like it's lucrative to be and it's the lucrative proposition that's that's a weird thing in chinese where like you get like these verbs what you're also propositions which are also some sort of auxiliary thing [laughter] right um okay um so if you go to pay shifting when it's fifty two of the african languages paper there's a long list of um sort of verbs lexical verbs and their most common auxiliary uses in the african languages [noise] everything in that list also applies to languages outside of africa it's just shorter there are more sense is in the big book uh which one starts on page through six nine [noise] um but in general that still really everything could lift to start with [noise] right so you can look at <unk> okay actually so there's there's it's still pretty pretty long last [laughter] yeah <unk> in the in the <unk> a lot of these a lot of these uh seem pretty obvious to me either like things that all already have <unk> like <unk> like <unk> and do or make sure uh but also other things like come the the basic sensitive to come can be used in lots of different auxiliary sets as it can be a future it could be <unk> potential it can be a perfect can mark the pitcher will it can make a passive can market consecutive which is to me and then i did this and then it <unk> it can mark a progressive and it can marketing encoded aspect like i got sick yeah [noise] um so that's a lot of different things that one little <unk> <unk> um if you have a special meaning come from it can be approximately past like i just didn't [noise] um and if you have a separate a special come to it can be like almost or syndicator something was not accomplished yeah [noise] um <unk> um has a cute little thing where the <unk> remain <unk> a probable future when it's used in [noise] yeah <unk> and there's um [noise] it can be progress river for any of the verbs of posture are frequent auxiliary and often for vigil progressive senses yeah <unk> all of those yeah which is which makes some sense a lot of them are <unk> allied with the low <unk> beans yeah they they often do become some sort of <unk> as well so sure sure um keep can be can do do you continue do progressive president derivative those all those all makes sense to make sure it was an english has a you know keep on keep an eye on [noise] mhm um given can do a bunch of things that can be in a <unk> a cause it is a perfect an incentive to indicate that you allow something to happen and [noise] one language it means deliberately oh which is neat it makes perfect sense in my great but it's yeah it's an interesting little thing <unk> you know the true meaning perfect throw money yes throat used in a construction perfect which i just thought was entertaining [laughter] i don't know comedy this but i thought it was neat um and then finishing my portion of his talk um if you look at appendix aids in african paper starts on page three hundred and eighty two which gives you some idea of how joined his papers and what was amazing resource it is [noise] there is a joy list of every combination of subject object tend to accept mood auxiliary and lexical you could what um including some interesting historical development and a bunch of things we didn't go into here so if you're not sure if marketing the subject on one part and the object in the mood at another part could happen take a look to that list 'cause you'll probably find a great place i think just the ideas and play with stuff and it also gives and i'm not talk to a whole lot about historical development uh-huh in refined mix but he gives a bunch of those examples in that list as well yeah it's this this is really a nice thing to look at auctions iowa i'm always a fan um when you're doing con lying having like a list of options to go through for given part of your con line right to figure things out and that's options open [noise] mhm ah so i was i'm just going to go over uh we've mentioned turkey the turkey languages no uh um yeah i found another paper by the same guy that's on and it's it's uh in the pilot says i'll <unk> i'll pay um say um um <unk> uh perfect languages uh i'm <unk> i'm pronouncing that correct right now [noise] um that goes into uh goes into a little bit about um the languages and um i'll just talk about we didn't talk we we we sort of glossed over the variations but um so as we said like the the turkey languages show a lot of different variations on what kind of special marking the the um <unk> it can be uh <unk> which is um i don't know maybe you can explain that it's something that's sort of uh mostly <unk> <unk> <unk> to turkey <unk> languages and <unk> um <unk> are effectively adverb forms of <unk> so expressions like while he was going he fell off a farce the while he was going would be in the [noise] you know in perspective konger after he went he uh-huh that's effective um a bunch of different senses uh some of these languages the <unk> is extremely week incense it's very very general um and then others it may have a very precise temp <unk> or logical sense um so where english uses conjunctions for something some of these languages lots of commerce use <unk> right and then <unk> very simply more they're not um um some of them imply strongly that the subject is the same in before it's about the <unk> the main claws others are a little bit more flexible um but the point is the <unk> uh folding marked it's like all right so basically that's that's one option that i that can occur in the perfect climate is 'cause they have these con verbs sometimes <unk> could be <unk> could also be a part a simple uh can also be nominal <unk> which is interesting which is all an incentive israeli yeah it makes it makes a lot of sense like historically ah <unk> becomes part of this <unk> river construction uh maybe originally as some sort of a trends do um uh it could be we mentioned you know <unk> with uh you know double systems are split system you know you can have collected bird forms you can have it fully inflicted um [noise] and uh he also mentions some uh constructions not our nominal like actual mountains with uh <unk> those look to me like there were sort of idioms ah let me see if i can uh liberal so like he has an example um my younger brother katy died and the guy is lacking was with an auxiliary and then uh and there's ah when he reflected medicated ah when he reflected or meditate if it's uh meditate is fought <unk> so that that those look look more like idioms to me but it is interesting that you could have like a noun what's an auxiliary become that sort of thing and that may be like trades um the historical <unk> i'm sorry yeah um we talked about the different categories we talked about the benefactor gives we talked about um honor of friction and politeness that's something that's in here um where it's you've talked about on her on her <unk> also you know respect and self deprecating um sort of things uh he has um an auxiliary that means border let's use honor efficiently uh-huh and there's another verbs that's used <unk> respectful things there's uh <unk> <unk> <unk> construction that's <unk> that really can we can say i ventured <unk> we can but he translates is like french or too it's like i i tried to do something and as a way of bringing yourself down the shore the the interesting thing that we haven't mentioned that i thought was he mentioned that there are in like um it's it's not apparently not very common cross linguistically but apparently in cold turkey there are these um he's calling them trends lucrative and look at it but it's basically it's uh towards the speaker away from the speaker short expressed with an auxiliary so they shut off uses one auxiliary and we have uh <unk> what's the moon <unk> demon took his boy up to the moon taking the boy the take gets so that's the same one and let let me find they find that interesting because that's something you find in cereal work construction says well where <unk> been trends locket are included by come and go yeah it gets to be so frequented things become little little crushed bits phonology that lingered indicate to the speaker and away from the speaker right right i'm of the uh oh she a nickel languages how little things that look like particles that are probably leftover verbs yeah working to speak on from the speaker as well so it's it's an interesting thing and then the <unk> for an example of the opposite you spent <unk> has like an example the army's set upon it was [noise] wow man that's using a different story that's meaning towards the speaker right so that that was just uh the highlights not cold out of that paper so that gives people a few other ideas about um uh including the some antics um the actual um oh silver is again we said that the <unk> are some ethically bleach that doesn't mean they're completely <unk> empty but they lose a lot of their lexical meaning right um so i think that's about all we really have um a hundred and one quick thing that i didn't write down what should have [noise] one thing we've really not talked about at all is semantics of lexical <unk> sometimes the event structure things like tea live city might place constraints on what kind of also river constructions overpaid occur in oh right no it's that's obvious for things like <unk> um and trying to divert it's going to be passed as if he's got an english [noise] um so it's worth thinking through that a little bit too i thought i could find a paper that talked about that in particular but i've not been able to find it [noise] um maybe at some point in the future [noise] ah yeah and the the <unk> the the terrific paper talks a little bit about i think these are auxiliary <unk> chain the some of the dogs ovaries can change the like the <unk> of it okay he he he he refers to act shaun <unk> which is which is more than just <unk> but um [noise] fancy german term <unk> basically yeah a little bit more than that but it's worth paying attention to that 'cause it <unk> <unk> obviously with any part of the company and you can dive deep into a rabbit whole details right um but it's we're thinking about at least briefly even if you don't want to go bonkers yeah so that's uh a whole lot of stuff i hope ah people you know go and look at this and both of these papers i think our freely available and <unk> more on the internet um <unk> read them love them and william has the big book uh we can probably link to that on the congress lending library or something if they haven't sure um so uh that's it's all interesting stuff and ah the thing i want to what people take away with is there's so many different options forty here just like just just you know once i looked at that <unk> ah in ah african languages one that's like that's just build will during how many possibilities are are so [noise] you know and um again as we said near the beginning uh you don't necessarily have to choose what just won a lot of these um uh the perfect paper at least shows a lot of cases word languages have multiple different um auxiliary that work somewhat different like i'm sure the african languages paper has a lot of that <unk> i'm a thing going on too so [noise] you can do you can do a lot of stuff with the <unk> this is this is just to hang with con lying is you can always you can always like find that one like little tiny piece of language you can spend years on [noise] because of the the the the norm most amount of options that are available yeah yeah um so uh that is what we have um next month [noise] we are going to have um [noise] uh crystal brunch you're [noise] if it's on again and he's kind of be on and talk about [noise] is <unk> which is i think that's the only <unk> worked on a [noise] a [noise] <unk> [noise] yeah [noise] and there's a lot to say about that so um i'm looking forward to that ah [noise] um but with that i'm going to say [noise] <unk> [noise] thank you for listening to on line [noise] you could find our archives in sherman oaks past con lying or not support us on patriotic patriotic dot com slash timeline or [noise] you can also find this town face both quarter and <unk> and if you would like to hear your online you turn on the top of the show you could look at car tribute [noise] has the [noise] for what you translate how to sing [noise] <unk> webs bases provided by the language creation society and our music is fine no the <unk> [noise]

Tags

  1. Conlangery Podcast
  2. Podcast
  3. auxiliary verb construction
  4. conlang
  5. language
  6. linguistics
  7. verb

Conlangery Podcast/Conlangery 106 Auxiliary Verb Constructions (last edited 2017-09-09 18:53:20 by TranscriBot)